test-scard.cpp

 
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <locale>
#include <codecvt>
 
#include <comdef.h>
#include <winscard.h>
 
static const WCHAR* listW[] = { nullptr, L"SCard$AllReaders\000", L"SCard$DefaultReaders\000",
                              L"SCard$LocalReaders\000", L"SCard$SystemReaders\000" };
static const char* listA[] = { nullptr, "SCard$AllReaders\000", "SCard$DefaultReaders\000",
                             "SCard$LocalReaders\000", "SCard$SystemReaders\000" };
 
static std::string scope2str(DWORD scope)
{
  switch (scope)
  {
    case SCARD_SCOPE_USER:
      return "SCARD_SCOPE_USER";
    case SCARD_SCOPE_TERMINAL:
      return "SCARD_SCOPE_TERMINAL";
    case SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM:
      return "SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM";
    default:
      return "UNKNOWN";
  }
}
 
static std::string err2str(LONG code)
{
  switch (code)
  {
    case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE:
      return "ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE";
    case SCARD_E_BAD_SEEK:
      return "SCARD_E_BAD_SEEK";
    case SCARD_E_CANCELLED:
      return "SCARD_E_CANCELLED";
    case SCARD_E_CANT_DISPOSE:
      return "SCARD_E_CANT_DISPOSE";
    case SCARD_E_CARD_UNSUPPORTED:
      return "SCARD_E_CARD_UNSUPPORTED";
    case SCARD_E_CERTIFICATE_UNAVAILABLE:
      return "SCARD_E_CERTIFICATE_UNAVAILABLE";
    case SCARD_E_COMM_DATA_LOST:
      return "SCARD_E_COMM_DATA_LOST";
    case SCARD_E_DIR_NOT_FOUND:
      return "SCARD_E_DIR_NOT_FOUND";
    case SCARD_E_DUPLICATE_READER:
      return "SCARD_E_DUPLICATE_READER";
    case SCARD_E_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
      return "SCARD_E_FILE_NOT_FOUND";
    case SCARD_E_ICC_CREATEORDER:
      return "SCARD_E_ICC_CREATEORDER";
    case SCARD_E_ICC_INSTALLATION:
      return "SCARD_E_ICC_INSTALLATION";
    case SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER:
      return "SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER";
    case SCARD_E_INVALID_ATR:
      return "SCARD_E_INVALID_ATR";
    case SCARD_E_INVALID_CHV:
      return "SCARD_E_INVALID_CHV";
    case SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE:
      return "SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE";
    case SCARD_E_INVALID_PARAMETER:
      return "SCARD_E_INVALID_PARAMETER";
    case SCARD_E_INVALID_TARGET:
      return "SCARD_E_INVALID_TARGET";
    case SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE:
      return "SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE";
    case SCARD_E_NO_ACCESS:
      return "SCARD_E_NO_ACCESS";
    case SCARD_E_NO_DIR:
      return "SCARD_E_NO_DIR";
    case SCARD_E_NO_FILE:
      return "SCARD_E_NO_FILE";
    case SCARD_E_NO_KEY_CONTAINER:
      return "SCARD_E_NO_KEY_CONTAINER";
    case SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY:
      return "SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY";
    case SCARD_E_NO_PIN_CACHE:
      return "SCARD_E_NO_PIN_CACHE";
    case SCARD_E_NO_READERS_AVAILABLE:
      return "SCARD_E_NO_READERS_AVAILABLE";
    case SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE:
      return "SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE";
    case SCARD_E_NO_SMARTCARD:
      return "SCARD_E_NO_SMARTCARD";
    case SCARD_E_NO_SUCH_CERTIFICATE:
      return "SCARD_E_NO_SUCH_CERTIFICATE";
    case SCARD_E_NOT_READY:
      return "SCARD_E_NOT_READY";
    case SCARD_E_NOT_TRANSACTED:
      return "SCARD_E_NOT_TRANSACTED";
    case SCARD_E_PCI_TOO_SMALL:
      return "SCARD_E_PCI_TOO_SMALL";
    case SCARD_E_PIN_CACHE_EXPIRED:
      return "SCARD_E_PIN_CACHE_EXPIRED";
    case SCARD_E_PROTO_MISMATCH:
      return "SCARD_E_PROTO_MISMATCH";
    case SCARD_E_READ_ONLY_CARD:
      return "SCARD_E_READ_ONLY_CARD";
    case SCARD_E_READER_UNAVAILABLE:
      return "SCARD_E_READER_UNAVAILABLE";
    case SCARD_E_READER_UNSUPPORTED:
      return "SCARD_E_READER_UNSUPPORTED";
    case SCARD_E_SERVER_TOO_BUSY:
      return "SCARD_E_SERVER_TOO_BUSY";
    case SCARD_E_SERVICE_STOPPED:
      return "SCARD_E_SERVICE_STOPPED";
    case SCARD_E_SHARING_VIOLATION:
      return "SCARD_E_SHARING_VIOLATION";
    case SCARD_E_SYSTEM_CANCELLED:
      return "SCARD_E_SYSTEM_CANCELLED";
    case SCARD_E_TIMEOUT:
      return "SCARD_E_TIMEOUT";
    case SCARD_E_UNEXPECTED:
      return "SCARD_E_UNEXPECTED";
    case SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_CARD:
      return "SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_CARD";
    case SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_READER:
      return "SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_READER";
    case SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_RES_MNG:
      return "SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_RES_MNG";
    case SCARD_E_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE:
      return "SCARD_E_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE";
    case SCARD_E_WRITE_TOO_MANY:
      return "SCARD_E_WRITE_TOO_MANY";
    case SCARD_F_COMM_ERROR:
      return "SCARD_F_COMM_ERROR";
    case SCARD_F_INTERNAL_ERROR:
      return "SCARD_F_INTERNAL_ERROR";
    case SCARD_F_UNKNOWN_ERROR:
      return "SCARD_F_UNKNOWN_ERROR";
    case SCARD_F_WAITED_TOO_LONG:
      return "SCARD_F_WAITED_TOO_LONG";
    case SCARD_P_SHUTDOWN:
      return "SCARD_P_SHUTDOWN";
    case SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
      return "SCARD_S_SUCCESS";
    case SCARD_W_CANCELLED_BY_USER:
      return "SCARD_W_CANCELLED_BY_USER";
    case SCARD_W_CACHE_ITEM_NOT_FOUND:
      return "SCARD_W_CACHE_ITEM_NOT_FOUND";
    case SCARD_W_CACHE_ITEM_STALE:
      return "SCARD_W_CACHE_ITEM_STALE";
    case SCARD_W_CACHE_ITEM_TOO_BIG:
      return "SCARD_W_CACHE_ITEM_TOO_BIG";
    case SCARD_W_CARD_NOT_AUTHENTICATED:
      return "SCARD_W_CARD_NOT_AUTHENTICATED";
    case SCARD_W_CHV_BLOCKED:
      return "SCARD_W_CHV_BLOCKED";
    case SCARD_W_EOF:
      return "SCARD_W_EOF";
    case SCARD_W_REMOVED_CARD:
      return "SCARD_W_REMOVED_CARD";
    case SCARD_W_RESET_CARD:
      return "SCARD_W_RESET_CARD";
    case SCARD_W_SECURITY_VIOLATION:
      return "SCARD_W_SECURITY_VIOLATION";
    case SCARD_W_UNPOWERED_CARD:
      return "SCARD_W_UNPOWERED_CARD";
    case SCARD_W_UNRESPONSIVE_CARD:
      return "SCARD_W_UNRESPONSIVE_CARD";
    case SCARD_W_UNSUPPORTED_CARD:
      return "SCARD_W_UNSUPPORTED_CARD";
    case SCARD_W_WRONG_CHV:
      return "SCARD_W_WRONG_CHV";
    default:
      return "UNKNOWN";
  }
}
 
static std::wstring err2wstr(LONG code)
{
  auto str = err2str(code);
  std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8_utf16<wchar_t>> converter;
  return converter.from_bytes(str);
}
 
#if 0
static bool test_listreadergroups(SCARDCONTEXT hContext) {
    auto rc = SCardListReaderGroupsA(hContext, &groups, &foobar);
    rc = SCardListReaderGroupsW(hContext, &groups, &foobar);
}
#endif
 
static bool test_valid(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  auto rc = SCardIsValidContext(context);
  if (rc)
    std::cerr << "SCardIsValidContext failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_list_readers_a(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  for (auto cur : listA)
  {
    LPSTR mszReaders = nullptr;
    DWORD chReaders = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
    auto rc = SCardListReadersA(context, cur, reinterpret_cast<LPSTR>(&mszReaders), &chReaders);
    if (!cur)
    {
      cur = "NULL";
    }
    if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
    {
      std::cerr << "SCardListReadersA [" << cur << "] failed with " << err2str(rc)
                << std::endl;
    }
    else
    {
      auto start = mszReaders;
      auto end = &mszReaders[chReaders];
 
      std::cout << "SCardListReadersA [" << cur << "] " << chReaders << " [";
      while (start < end)
      {
        std::cout << start << ", ";
        start += strnlen(start, chReaders) + 2;
      }
      std::cout << "]" << std::endl;
    }
    SCardFreeMemory(context, mszReaders);
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_list_readers_w(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  for (auto cur : listW)
  {
    LPWSTR mszReaders = nullptr;
    DWORD chReaders = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
    auto rc =
        SCardListReadersW(context, cur, reinterpret_cast<LPWSTR>(&mszReaders), &chReaders);
    if (!cur)
    {
      cur = L"NULL";
    }
    if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
    {
      std::wcerr << L"SCardListReadersW [" << cur << L"] failed with " << err2wstr(rc)
                 << std::endl;
    }
    else
    {
      auto start = mszReaders;
      auto end = &mszReaders[chReaders];
 
      std::wcout << L"SCardListReadersW [" << cur << L"] " << chReaders << L" [";
      while (start < end)
      {
        std::wcout << start << L", ";
        start += wcsnlen(start, chReaders) + 2;
      }
      std::wcout << L"]" << std::endl;
    }
    SCardFreeMemory(context, mszReaders);
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_list_reader_groups_a(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  LPSTR mszReaders = nullptr;
  DWORD chReaders = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
  auto rc = SCardListReaderGroupsA(context, reinterpret_cast<LPSTR>(&mszReaders), &chReaders);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardListReaderGroupsA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
  }
  else
  {
    auto start = mszReaders;
    auto end = &mszReaders[chReaders];
 
    std::cout << "SCardListReaderGroupsA " << chReaders << " [";
    while (start < end)
    {
      std::cout << start << ", ";
      start += strnlen(start, chReaders) + 2;
    }
    std::cout << "]" << std::endl;
  }
  SCardFreeMemory(context, mszReaders);
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_list_reader_groups_w(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  LPWSTR mszReaders = nullptr;
  DWORD chReaders = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
  auto rc = SCardListReaderGroupsW(context, reinterpret_cast<LPWSTR>(&mszReaders), &chReaders);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::wcerr << L"SCardListReaderGroupsW failed with " << err2wstr(rc) << std::endl;
  }
  else
  {
    auto start = mszReaders;
    auto end = &mszReaders[chReaders];
 
    std::wcout << L"SCardListReaderGroupsW " << chReaders << L" [";
    while (start < end)
    {
      std::wcout << start << L", ";
      start += wcsnlen(start, chReaders) + 2;
    }
    std::wcout << L"]" << std::endl;
  }
  SCardFreeMemory(context, mszReaders);
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_introduce_forget_reader_groups_a(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  LPSTR group = "somefancygroup";
 
  auto rc = SCardIntroduceReaderGroupA(context, group);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardIntroduceReaderGroupA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
  else
  {
    rc = SCardForgetReaderGroupA(context, group);
    if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
    {
      std::cerr << "SCardForgetReaderGroupA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }
}
 
static bool test_introduce_forget_reader_groups_w(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  LPWSTR group = L"somefancygroup";
 
  auto rc = SCardIntroduceReaderGroupW(context, group);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardIntroduceReaderGroupW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
  else
  {
    rc = SCardForgetReaderGroupW(context, group);
    if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
    {
      std::cerr << "SCardForgetReaderGroupW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }
}
 
static bool test_introduce_forget_reader_a(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  LPSTR reader = "somefancygroup";
  LPSTR device = "otherfancy";
 
  auto rc = SCardIntroduceReaderA(context, reader, device);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardIntroduceReaderA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
  else
  {
    rc = SCardForgetReaderA(context, reader);
    if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
    {
      std::cerr << "SCardForgetReaderA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }
}
 
static bool test_introduce_forget_reader_w(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  LPWSTR reader = L"somefancygroup";
  LPWSTR device = L"otherfancy";
 
  auto rc = SCardIntroduceReaderW(context, reader, device);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardIntroduceReaderW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
  else
  {
    rc = SCardForgetReaderW(context, reader);
    if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
    {
      std::cerr << "SCardForgetReaderW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }
}
 
static bool test_list_cards_a(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  DWORD chCards = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
  LPSTR mszCards = nullptr;
  auto rc =
      SCardListCardsA(context, nullptr, nullptr, 0, reinterpret_cast<LPSTR>(&mszCards), &chCards);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardListCardsA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
  }
  else
  {
    auto start = mszCards;
    auto end = &mszCards[chCards];
    std::cout << "SCardListCardsA " << chCards << " [";
    while (start < end)
    {
      std::cout << start << ", ";
      start += strnlen(start, chCards) + 2;
    }
    std::cout << "]" << std::endl;
  }
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_list_cards_w(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  DWORD chCards = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
  LPWSTR mszCards = nullptr;
  auto rc = SCardListCardsW(context, nullptr, nullptr, 0, reinterpret_cast<LPWSTR>(&mszCards),
                            &chCards);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardListCardsW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
  }
  else
  {
    auto start = mszCards;
    auto end = &mszCards[chCards];
    std::cout << "SCardListCardsW " << chCards << " [";
    while (start < end)
    {
      std::wcout << start << L", ";
      start += wcsnlen(start, chCards) + 2;
    }
    std::cout << "]" << std::endl;
  }
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_cache_a(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  BYTE wdata[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
  const DWORD wdatalen = sizeof(wdata);
  BYTE data[32] = {};
  DWORD datalen = sizeof(data);
  LPSTR name = "testdata";
  UUID id = {};
 
  auto rc = SCardWriteCacheA(context, &id, 0, name, wdata, wdatalen);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardWriteCacheA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  rc = SCardReadCacheA(context, &id, 0, name, data, &datalen);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardReadCacheA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  if (wdatalen != datalen)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardWriteCacheA wrote " << wdatalen << "bytes, SCardReadCacheA read "
              << datalen << "bytes" << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  if (memcmp(wdata, data, wdatalen) != 0)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardWriteCacheA / SCardReadCacheA data corruption detected" << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_cache_w(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  BYTE wdata[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
  const DWORD wdatalen = sizeof(wdata);
  BYTE data[32] = {};
  DWORD datalen = sizeof(data);
  LPWSTR name = L"testdata";
  UUID id = {};
 
  auto rc = SCardWriteCacheW(context, &id, 0, name, wdata, wdatalen);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardWriteCacheW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  rc = SCardReadCacheW(context, &id, 0, name, data, &datalen);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardReadCacheW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  if (wdatalen != datalen)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardReadCacheW wrote " << wdatalen << "bytes, SCardReadCacheW read "
              << datalen << "bytes" << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  if (memcmp(wdata, data, wdatalen) != 0)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardReadCacheW / SCardReadCacheW data corruption detected" << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_reader_icon_a(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  LPSTR name = "Gemalto PC Twin Reader 00 00\0\0";
  LPBYTE pbIcon = nullptr;
  DWORD cbIcon = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
 
  auto rc = SCardGetReaderIconA(context, name, reinterpret_cast<LPBYTE>(&pbIcon), &cbIcon);
  SCardFreeMemory(context, pbIcon);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardGetReaderIconA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_reader_icon_w(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  LPWSTR name = L"Gemalto PC Twin Reader 00 00\0\0";
  LPBYTE pbIcon = nullptr;
  DWORD cbIcon = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
 
  auto rc = SCardGetReaderIconW(context, name, reinterpret_cast<LPBYTE>(&pbIcon), &cbIcon);
  SCardFreeMemory(context, pbIcon);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardGetReaderIconW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_locate_cards_a(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  LPSTR name = "Gemalto PC Twin Reader 00 00\0\0";
  SCARD_READERSTATEA rgReaderStates[16] = {};
 
  auto rc = SCardLocateCardsA(context, name, rgReaderStates, ARRAYSIZE(rgReaderStates));
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardLocateCardsA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_locate_cards_w(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  LPWSTR name = L"Gemalto PC Twin Reader 00 00\0\0";
  SCARD_READERSTATEW rgReaderStates[16] = {};
 
  auto rc = SCardLocateCardsW(context, name, rgReaderStates, ARRAYSIZE(rgReaderStates));
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardLocateCardsW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_locate_cards_by_atr_a(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  SCARD_READERSTATEA rgReaderStates[16] = {};
  SCARD_ATRMASK rgAtrMasks[16] = {};
 
  auto rc = SCardLocateCardsByATRA(context, rgAtrMasks, ARRAYSIZE(rgAtrMasks), rgReaderStates,
                                   ARRAYSIZE(rgReaderStates));
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardLocateCardsByATRA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_locate_cards_by_atr_w(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  SCARD_READERSTATEW rgReaderStates[16] = {};
  SCARD_ATRMASK rgAtrMasks[16] = {};
 
  auto rc = SCardLocateCardsByATRW(context, rgAtrMasks, ARRAYSIZE(rgAtrMasks), rgReaderStates,
                                   ARRAYSIZE(rgReaderStates));
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardLocateCardsByATRW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_devicetype_id_a(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  BYTE data[32] = {};
  LPSTR name = "testdata";
  DWORD type;
 
  auto rc = SCardGetDeviceTypeIdA(context, name, &type);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardGetDeviceTypeIdA failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_devicetype_id_w(SCARDCONTEXT context)
{
  BYTE data[32] = {};
  LPWSTR name = L"testdata";
  DWORD type;
 
  auto rc = SCardGetDeviceTypeIdW(context, name, &type);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardGetDeviceTypeIdW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_transmitcount(SCARDHANDLE handle)
{
  BYTE data[32] = {};
  LPWSTR name = L"testdata";
  DWORD count;
 
  auto rc = SCardGetTransmitCount(handle, &count);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardGetTransmitCount failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
  std::cout << "SCardGetTransmitCount() " << count << std::endl;
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_status_a(SCARDHANDLE handle)
{
  BYTE data[32] = {};
  LPWSTR name = L"testdata";
  DWORD count;
  /*
      auto rc = SCardStatusA(handle, names, len, &state, &protocol, attr, &attrlen);
      if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS) {
          std::cerr << "SCardGetDeviceTypeIdW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
          return false;
      }
  */
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_status_w(SCARDHANDLE handle)
{
  BYTE data[32] = {};
  LPWSTR name = L"testdata";
  DWORD count;
  /*
  auto rc = SCardStatusA(handle, names, len, &state, &protocol, attr, &attrlen);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS) {
      std::cerr << "SCardGetDeviceTypeIdW failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
      return false;
  }
*/
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_get_attrib(SCARDCONTEXT context, SCARDHANDLE handle)
{
  DWORD attrlen = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
  LPBYTE attr = nullptr;
 
  auto rc =
      SCardGetAttrib(handle, SCARD_ATTR_ATR_STRING, reinterpret_cast<LPBYTE>(&attr), &attrlen);
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardGetAttrib failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
  std::cout << "SCardGetAttrib [" << attrlen << "]: " << (char*)attr << std::endl;
  SCardFreeMemory(context, attr);
 
  return true;
}
 
static bool test_set_attrib(SCARDCONTEXT context, SCARDHANDLE handle)
{
  DWORD attrlen = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
  BYTE attr[] = "0123456789";
 
  auto rc = SCardSetAttrib(handle, SCARD_ATTR_SUPRESS_T1_IFS_REQUEST, attr, ARRAYSIZE(attr));
  if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cerr << "SCardSetAttrib failed with " << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
    return false;
  }
  std::cout << "SCardSetAttrib [" << attrlen << "]: " << (char*)attr << std::endl;
  SCardFreeMemory(context, attr);
 
  return true;
}
 
int main()
{
  std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;
  try
  {
    auto scopes = { SCARD_SCOPE_USER, SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM };
    for (auto scope : scopes)
    {
      SCARDCONTEXT context;
      auto rc = SCardEstablishContext(scope, nullptr, nullptr, &context);
      if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
      {
        std::cerr << "SCardEstablishContext [" << scope2str(scope) << "] failed with "
                  << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
      }
      else
      {
        std::cerr << "SCardEstablishContext [" << scope2str(scope) << "] success"
                  << std::endl;
 
        test_valid(context);
 
        test_list_reader_groups_a(context);
        test_list_reader_groups_w(context);
 
        test_list_readers_a(context);
        test_list_readers_w(context);
 
        test_list_cards_a(context);
        test_list_cards_w(context);
 
        test_introduce_forget_reader_groups_a(context);
        test_introduce_forget_reader_groups_w(context);
 
        test_introduce_forget_reader_a(context);
        test_introduce_forget_reader_w(context);
 
        // TODO: Introduce/Remove reader to group
        test_locate_cards_a(context);
        test_locate_cards_w(context);
 
        test_locate_cards_by_atr_a(context);
        test_locate_cards_by_atr_w(context);
 
        test_cache_a(context);
        test_cache_w(context);
 
        test_reader_icon_a(context);
        test_reader_icon_w(context);
 
        test_devicetype_id_a(context);
        test_devicetype_id_w(context);
 
        // TODO: statuschange
        // TODO: begin/end transaction
        // TODO: state
        // TODO: transmit
        // TODO: control
 
        {
          DWORD protocol;
          SCARDHANDLE handle = 0;
          LPSTR mszReaders;
          DWORD chReaders = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
 
          LONG status = SCardListReadersA(
              context, nullptr, reinterpret_cast<LPSTR>(&mszReaders), &chReaders);
          if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
            status = SCardConnectA(context, mszReaders, SCARD_SHARE_SHARED,
                                   SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0 | SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1 |
                                       SCARD_PROTOCOL_Tx | SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW,
                                   &handle, &protocol);
          SCardFreeMemory(context, mszReaders);
          if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
          {
            std::cerr << "SCardConnectA ["
                      << "] failed with " << err2str(status) << std::endl;
          }
          else
          {
            test_status_a(handle);
            test_status_w(handle);
            test_get_attrib(context, handle);
            test_set_attrib(context, handle);
            test_transmitcount(handle);
 
            status = SCardDisconnect(handle, 0);
            if (status)
            {
              std::cerr << "SCardDisconnect ["
                        << "] failed with " << err2str(status) << std::endl;
            }
          }
        }
        {
          DWORD protocol;
          SCARDHANDLE handle = 0;
          LPWSTR mszReaders;
          DWORD chReaders = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;
 
          LONG status = SCardListReadersW(
              context, nullptr, reinterpret_cast<LPWSTR>(&mszReaders), &chReaders);
          if (status == SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
            status = SCardConnectW(context, mszReaders, SCARD_SHARE_SHARED,
                                   SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0 | SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1 |
                                       SCARD_PROTOCOL_Tx | SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW,
                                   &handle, &protocol);
          SCardFreeMemory(context, mszReaders);
 
          if (status != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
          {
            std::cerr << "SCardConnectW ["
                      << "] failed with " << err2str(status) << std::endl;
          }
          else
          {
            test_status_a(handle);
            test_status_w(handle);
            test_get_attrib(context, handle);
            test_set_attrib(context, handle);
            test_transmitcount(handle);
 
            status = SCardDisconnect(handle, 0);
            if (status)
            {
              std::cerr << "SCardDisconnect ["
                        << "] failed with " << err2str(status) << std::endl;
            }
          }
        }
 
        rc = SCardReleaseContext(context);
        if (rc != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)
        {
          std::cerr << "SCardReleaseContext [" << scope2str(scope) << "] failed with "
                    << err2str(rc) << std::endl;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  catch (...)
  {
    std::cerr << "exception!!!!" << std::endl;
  }
 
  return 0;
}