image.c

 
#include <stdlib.h>
 
#include <winpr/config.h>
 
#include <winpr/wtypes.h>
#include <winpr/crt.h>
#include <winpr/file.h>
 
#include <winpr/image.h>
 
#if defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_PNG)
#include <png.h>
#endif
 
#if defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_JPEG)
#define INT32 INT32_WINPR
#include <jpeglib.h>
#undef INT32
#endif
 
#if defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_WEBP)
#include <webp/encode.h>
#include <webp/decode.h>
#endif
 
#if defined(WITH_LODEPNG)
#include <lodepng.h>
#endif
#include <winpr/stream.h>
 
#include "image.h"
#include "../log.h"
#define TAG WINPR_TAG("utils.image")
 
static SSIZE_T winpr_convert_from_jpeg(const BYTE* comp_data, size_t comp_data_bytes, UINT32* width,
                                       UINT32* height, UINT32* bpp, BYTE** ppdecomp_data);
static SSIZE_T winpr_convert_from_png(const BYTE* comp_data, size_t comp_data_bytes, UINT32* width,
                                      UINT32* height, UINT32* bpp, BYTE** ppdecomp_data);
static SSIZE_T winpr_convert_from_webp(const BYTE* comp_data, size_t comp_data_bytes, UINT32* width,
                                       UINT32* height, UINT32* bpp, BYTE** ppdecomp_data);
 
BOOL writeBitmapFileHeader(wStream* s, const WINPR_BITMAP_FILE_HEADER* bf)
{
  if (!Stream_EnsureRemainingCapacity(s, sizeof(WINPR_BITMAP_FILE_HEADER)))
    return FALSE;
 
  Stream_Write_UINT8(s, bf->bfType[0]);
  Stream_Write_UINT8(s, bf->bfType[1]);
  Stream_Write_UINT32(s, bf->bfSize);
  Stream_Write_UINT16(s, bf->bfReserved1);
  Stream_Write_UINT16(s, bf->bfReserved2);
  Stream_Write_UINT32(s, bf->bfOffBits);
  return TRUE;
}
 
BOOL readBitmapFileHeader(wStream* s, WINPR_BITMAP_FILE_HEADER* bf)
{
  static wLog* log = NULL;
  if (!log)
    log = WLog_Get(TAG);
 
  if (!s || !bf ||
      (!Stream_CheckAndLogRequiredLengthWLog(log, s, sizeof(WINPR_BITMAP_FILE_HEADER))))
    return FALSE;
 
  Stream_Read_UINT8(s, bf->bfType[0]);
  Stream_Read_UINT8(s, bf->bfType[1]);
  Stream_Read_UINT32(s, bf->bfSize);
  Stream_Read_UINT16(s, bf->bfReserved1);
  Stream_Read_UINT16(s, bf->bfReserved2);
  Stream_Read_UINT32(s, bf->bfOffBits);
 
  if (bf->bfSize < sizeof(WINPR_BITMAP_FILE_HEADER))
  {
    WLog_Print(log, WLOG_ERROR, "Invalid bitmap::bfSize=%" PRIu32 ", require at least %" PRIuz,
               bf->bfSize, sizeof(WINPR_BITMAP_FILE_HEADER));
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  if ((bf->bfType[0] != 'B') || (bf->bfType[1] != 'M'))
  {
    WLog_Print(log, WLOG_ERROR, "Invalid bitmap header [%c%c], expected [BM]", bf->bfType[0],
               bf->bfType[1]);
    return FALSE;
  }
  return Stream_CheckAndLogRequiredCapacityWLog(log, s,
                                                bf->bfSize - sizeof(WINPR_BITMAP_FILE_HEADER));
}
 
BOOL writeBitmapInfoHeader(wStream* s, const WINPR_BITMAP_INFO_HEADER* bi)
{
  if (!Stream_EnsureRemainingCapacity(s, sizeof(WINPR_BITMAP_INFO_HEADER)))
    return FALSE;
 
  Stream_Write_UINT32(s, bi->biSize);
  Stream_Write_INT32(s, bi->biWidth);
  Stream_Write_INT32(s, bi->biHeight);
  Stream_Write_UINT16(s, bi->biPlanes);
  Stream_Write_UINT16(s, bi->biBitCount);
  Stream_Write_UINT32(s, bi->biCompression);
  Stream_Write_UINT32(s, bi->biSizeImage);
  Stream_Write_INT32(s, bi->biXPelsPerMeter);
  Stream_Write_INT32(s, bi->biYPelsPerMeter);
  Stream_Write_UINT32(s, bi->biClrUsed);
  Stream_Write_UINT32(s, bi->biClrImportant);
  return TRUE;
}
 
BOOL readBitmapInfoHeader(wStream* s, WINPR_BITMAP_INFO_HEADER* bi, size_t* poffset)
{
  if (!s || !bi || (!Stream_CheckAndLogRequiredLength(TAG, s, sizeof(WINPR_BITMAP_INFO_HEADER))))
    return FALSE;
 
  const size_t start = Stream_GetPosition(s);
  Stream_Read_UINT32(s, bi->biSize);
  Stream_Read_INT32(s, bi->biWidth);
  Stream_Read_INT32(s, bi->biHeight);
  Stream_Read_UINT16(s, bi->biPlanes);
  Stream_Read_UINT16(s, bi->biBitCount);
  Stream_Read_UINT32(s, bi->biCompression);
  Stream_Read_UINT32(s, bi->biSizeImage);
  Stream_Read_INT32(s, bi->biXPelsPerMeter);
  Stream_Read_INT32(s, bi->biYPelsPerMeter);
  Stream_Read_UINT32(s, bi->biClrUsed);
  Stream_Read_UINT32(s, bi->biClrImportant);
 
  if ((bi->biBitCount < 1) || (bi->biBitCount > 32))
  {
    WLog_WARN(TAG, "invalid biBitCount=%" PRIu32, bi->biBitCount);
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  /* https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/wingdi/ns-wingdi-bitmapinfoheader */
  size_t offset = 0;
  switch (bi->biCompression)
  {
    case BI_RGB:
      if (bi->biBitCount <= 8)
      {
        DWORD used = bi->biClrUsed;
        if (used == 0)
          used = (1 << bi->biBitCount) / 8;
        offset += sizeof(RGBQUAD) * used;
      }
      if (bi->biSizeImage == 0)
      {
        UINT32 stride = WINPR_ASSERTING_INT_CAST(
            uint32_t, ((((bi->biWidth * bi->biBitCount) + 31) & ~31) >> 3));
        bi->biSizeImage = WINPR_ASSERTING_INT_CAST(uint32_t, abs(bi->biHeight)) * stride;
      }
      break;
    case BI_BITFIELDS:
      offset += sizeof(DWORD) * 3; // 3 DWORD color masks
      break;
    default:
      WLog_ERR(TAG, "unsupported biCompression %" PRIu32, bi->biCompression);
      return FALSE;
  }
 
  if (bi->biSizeImage == 0)
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "invalid biSizeImage %" PRIuz, bi->biSizeImage);
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  const size_t pos = Stream_GetPosition(s) - start;
  if (bi->biSize < pos)
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "invalid biSize %" PRIuz " < (actual) offset %" PRIuz, bi->biSize, pos);
    return FALSE;
  }
 
  *poffset = offset;
  return Stream_SafeSeek(s, bi->biSize - pos);
}
 
BYTE* winpr_bitmap_construct_header(size_t width, size_t height, size_t bpp)
{
  BYTE* result = NULL;
  WINPR_BITMAP_FILE_HEADER bf = { 0 };
  WINPR_BITMAP_INFO_HEADER bi = { 0 };
  wStream* s = NULL;
  size_t imgSize = 0;
 
  imgSize = width * height * (bpp / 8);
  if ((width > INT32_MAX) || (height > INT32_MAX) || (bpp > UINT16_MAX) || (imgSize > UINT32_MAX))
    return NULL;
 
  s = Stream_New(NULL, WINPR_IMAGE_BMP_HEADER_LEN);
  if (!s)
    return NULL;
 
  bf.bfType[0] = 'B';
  bf.bfType[1] = 'M';
  bf.bfReserved1 = 0;
  bf.bfReserved2 = 0;
  bi.biSize = (UINT32)sizeof(WINPR_BITMAP_INFO_HEADER);
  bf.bfOffBits = (UINT32)sizeof(WINPR_BITMAP_FILE_HEADER) + bi.biSize;
  bi.biSizeImage = (UINT32)imgSize;
  bf.bfSize = bf.bfOffBits + bi.biSizeImage;
  bi.biWidth = (INT32)width;
  bi.biHeight = -1 * (INT32)height;
  bi.biPlanes = 1;
  bi.biBitCount = (UINT16)bpp;
  bi.biCompression = BI_RGB;
  bi.biXPelsPerMeter = (INT32)width;
  bi.biYPelsPerMeter = (INT32)height;
  bi.biClrUsed = 0;
  bi.biClrImportant = 0;
 
  size_t offset = 0;
  switch (bi.biCompression)
  {
    case BI_RGB:
      if (bi.biBitCount <= 8)
      {
        DWORD used = bi.biClrUsed;
        if (used == 0)
          used = (1 << bi.biBitCount) / 8;
        offset += sizeof(RGBQUAD) * used;
      }
      break;
    case BI_BITFIELDS:
      offset += sizeof(DWORD) * 3; // 3 DWORD color masks
      break;
    default:
      return FALSE;
  }
 
  if (!writeBitmapFileHeader(s, &bf))
    goto fail;
 
  if (!writeBitmapInfoHeader(s, &bi))
    goto fail;
 
  if (!Stream_EnsureRemainingCapacity(s, offset))
    goto fail;
 
  Stream_Zero(s, offset);
  result = Stream_Buffer(s);
fail:
  Stream_Free(s, result == 0);
  return result;
}
 
WINPR_ATTR_MALLOC(free, 1)
static void* winpr_bitmap_write_buffer(const BYTE* data, size_t size, UINT32 width, UINT32 height,
                                       UINT32 stride, UINT32 bpp, UINT32* pSize)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(data || (size == 0));
 
  void* result = NULL;
  const size_t bpp_stride = 1ull * width * (bpp / 8);
  if (bpp_stride > UINT32_MAX)
    return NULL;
 
  wStream* s = Stream_New(NULL, 1024);
 
  if (stride == 0)
    stride = (UINT32)bpp_stride;
 
  BYTE* bmp_header = winpr_bitmap_construct_header(width, height, bpp);
  if (!bmp_header)
    goto fail;
  if (!Stream_EnsureRemainingCapacity(s, WINPR_IMAGE_BMP_HEADER_LEN))
    goto fail;
  Stream_Write(s, bmp_header, WINPR_IMAGE_BMP_HEADER_LEN);
 
  if (!Stream_EnsureRemainingCapacity(s, 1ULL * stride * height))
    goto fail;
 
  for (size_t y = 0; y < height; y++)
  {
    const BYTE* line = &data[stride * y];
 
    Stream_Write(s, line, stride);
  }
 
  result = Stream_Buffer(s);
  const size_t pos = Stream_GetPosition(s);
  if (pos > UINT32_MAX)
    goto fail;
  *pSize = (UINT32)pos;
fail:
  Stream_Free(s, result == NULL);
  free(bmp_header);
  return result;
}
 
int winpr_bitmap_write(const char* filename, const BYTE* data, size_t width, size_t height,
                       size_t bpp)
{
  return winpr_bitmap_write_ex(filename, data, 0, width, height, bpp);
}
 
int winpr_bitmap_write_ex(const char* filename, const BYTE* data, size_t stride, size_t width,
                          size_t height, size_t bpp)
{
  FILE* fp = NULL;
  int ret = -1;
  void* bmpdata = NULL;
  const size_t bpp_stride = ((((width * bpp) + 31) & (size_t)~31) >> 3);
 
  if ((stride > UINT32_MAX) || (width > UINT32_MAX) || (height > UINT32_MAX) ||
      (bpp > UINT32_MAX))
    goto fail;
 
  if (stride == 0)
    stride = bpp_stride;
 
  UINT32 bmpsize = 0;
  const size_t size = stride * 1ull * height;
  bmpdata = winpr_bitmap_write_buffer(data, size, (UINT32)width, (UINT32)height, (UINT32)stride,
                                      (UINT32)bpp, &bmpsize);
  if (!bmpdata)
    goto fail;
 
  fp = winpr_fopen(filename, "w+b");
  if (!fp)
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "failed to open file %s", filename);
    goto fail;
  }
 
  if (fwrite(bmpdata, bmpsize, 1, fp) != 1)
    goto fail;
 
  ret = 0;
fail:
  if (fp)
    (void)fclose(fp);
  free(bmpdata);
  return ret;
}
 
static int write_and_free(const char* filename, void* data, size_t size)
{
  int status = -1;
  if (!data)
    goto fail;
 
  FILE* fp = winpr_fopen(filename, "w+b");
  if (!fp)
    goto fail;
 
  size_t w = fwrite(data, 1, size, fp);
  (void)fclose(fp);
 
  status = (w == size) ? 1 : -1;
fail:
  free(data);
  return status;
}
 
int winpr_image_write(wImage* image, const char* filename)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(image);
  return winpr_image_write_ex(image, WINPR_ASSERTING_INT_CAST(uint32_t, image->type), filename);
}
 
int winpr_image_write_ex(wImage* image, UINT32 format, const char* filename)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(image);
 
  size_t size = 0;
  void* data = winpr_image_write_buffer(image, format, &size);
  if (!data)
    return -1;
  return write_and_free(filename, data, size);
}
 
static int winpr_image_bitmap_read_buffer(wImage* image, const BYTE* buffer, size_t size)
{
  int rc = -1;
  BOOL vFlip = 0;
  WINPR_BITMAP_FILE_HEADER bf = { 0 };
  WINPR_BITMAP_INFO_HEADER bi = { 0 };
  wStream sbuffer = { 0 };
  wStream* s = Stream_StaticConstInit(&sbuffer, buffer, size);
 
  if (!s)
    return -1;
 
  size_t bmpoffset = 0;
  if (!readBitmapFileHeader(s, &bf) || !readBitmapInfoHeader(s, &bi, &bmpoffset))
    goto fail;
 
  if ((bf.bfType[0] != 'B') || (bf.bfType[1] != 'M'))
  {
    WLog_WARN(TAG, "Invalid bitmap header %c%c", bf.bfType[0], bf.bfType[1]);
    goto fail;
  }
 
  image->type = WINPR_IMAGE_BITMAP;
 
  const size_t pos = Stream_GetPosition(s);
  const size_t expect = bf.bfOffBits;
 
  if (pos != expect)
  {
    WLog_WARN(TAG, "pos=%" PRIuz ", expected %" PRIuz ", offset=" PRIuz, pos, expect,
              bmpoffset);
    goto fail;
  }
 
  if (!Stream_CheckAndLogRequiredCapacity(TAG, s, bi.biSizeImage))
    goto fail;
 
  if (bi.biWidth <= 0)
  {
    WLog_WARN(TAG, "bi.biWidth=%" PRId32, bi.biWidth);
    goto fail;
  }
 
  image->width = (UINT32)bi.biWidth;
 
  if (bi.biHeight < 0)
  {
    vFlip = FALSE;
    image->height = (UINT32)(-1 * bi.biHeight);
  }
  else
  {
    vFlip = TRUE;
    image->height = (UINT32)bi.biHeight;
  }
 
  if (image->height <= 0)
  {
    WLog_WARN(TAG, "image->height=%" PRIu32, image->height);
    goto fail;
  }
 
  image->bitsPerPixel = bi.biBitCount;
  image->bytesPerPixel = (image->bitsPerPixel / 8UL);
  const size_t bpp = (bi.biBitCount + 7UL) / 8UL;
  image->scanline =
      WINPR_ASSERTING_INT_CAST(uint32_t, bi.biWidth) * WINPR_ASSERTING_INT_CAST(uint32_t, bpp);
  const size_t bmpsize = 1ULL * image->scanline * image->height;
  if (bmpsize != bi.biSizeImage)
    WLog_WARN(TAG, "bmpsize=%" PRIuz " != bi.biSizeImage=%" PRIu32, bmpsize, bi.biSizeImage);
  if (bi.biSizeImage < bmpsize)
    goto fail;
 
  image->data = NULL;
  if (bi.biSizeImage > 0)
    image->data = (BYTE*)malloc(bi.biSizeImage);
 
  if (!image->data)
    goto fail;
 
  if (!vFlip)
    Stream_Read(s, image->data, bi.biSizeImage);
  else
  {
    BYTE* pDstData = &(image->data[(image->height - 1ull) * image->scanline]);
 
    for (size_t index = 0; index < image->height; index++)
    {
      Stream_Read(s, pDstData, image->scanline);
      pDstData -= image->scanline;
    }
  }
 
  rc = 1;
fail:
 
  if (rc < 0)
  {
    free(image->data);
    image->data = NULL;
  }
 
  return rc;
}
 
int winpr_image_read(wImage* image, const char* filename)
{
  int status = -1;
 
  FILE* fp = winpr_fopen(filename, "rb");
  if (!fp)
  {
    WLog_ERR(TAG, "failed to open file %s", filename);
    return -1;
  }
 
  (void)fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
  INT64 pos = _ftelli64(fp);
  (void)fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
 
  if (pos > 0)
  {
    BYTE* buffer = malloc((size_t)pos);
    if (buffer)
    {
      size_t r = fread(buffer, 1, (size_t)pos, fp);
      if (r == (size_t)pos)
      {
        status = winpr_image_read_buffer(image, buffer, (size_t)pos);
      }
    }
    free(buffer);
  }
  (void)fclose(fp);
  return status;
}
 
int winpr_image_read_buffer(wImage* image, const BYTE* buffer, size_t size)
{
  BYTE sig[12] = { 0 };
  int status = -1;
 
  if (size < sizeof(sig))
    return -1;
 
  CopyMemory(sig, buffer, sizeof(sig));
 
  if ((sig[0] == 'B') && (sig[1] == 'M'))
  {
    image->type = WINPR_IMAGE_BITMAP;
    status = winpr_image_bitmap_read_buffer(image, buffer, size);
  }
  else if ((sig[0] == 'R') && (sig[1] == 'I') && (sig[2] == 'F') && (sig[3] == 'F') &&
           (sig[8] == 'W') && (sig[9] == 'E') && (sig[10] == 'B') && (sig[11] == 'P'))
  {
    image->type = WINPR_IMAGE_WEBP;
    const SSIZE_T rc = winpr_convert_from_webp(buffer, size, &image->width, &image->height,
                                               &image->bitsPerPixel, &image->data);
    if (rc >= 0)
    {
      image->bytesPerPixel = (image->bitsPerPixel + 7) / 8;
      image->scanline = image->width * image->bytesPerPixel;
      status = 1;
    }
  }
  else if ((sig[0] == 0xFF) && (sig[1] == 0xD8) && (sig[2] == 0xFF) && (sig[3] == 0xE0) &&
           (sig[6] == 0x4A) && (sig[7] == 0x46) && (sig[8] == 0x49) && (sig[9] == 0x46) &&
           (sig[10] == 0x00))
  {
    image->type = WINPR_IMAGE_JPEG;
    const SSIZE_T rc = winpr_convert_from_jpeg(buffer, size, &image->width, &image->height,
                                               &image->bitsPerPixel, &image->data);
    if (rc >= 0)
    {
      image->bytesPerPixel = (image->bitsPerPixel + 7) / 8;
      image->scanline = image->width * image->bytesPerPixel;
      status = 1;
    }
  }
  else if ((sig[0] == 0x89) && (sig[1] == 'P') && (sig[2] == 'N') && (sig[3] == 'G') &&
           (sig[4] == '\r') && (sig[5] == '\n') && (sig[6] == 0x1A) && (sig[7] == '\n'))
  {
    image->type = WINPR_IMAGE_PNG;
    const SSIZE_T rc = winpr_convert_from_png(buffer, size, &image->width, &image->height,
                                              &image->bitsPerPixel, &image->data);
    if (rc >= 0)
    {
      image->bytesPerPixel = (image->bitsPerPixel + 7) / 8;
      image->scanline = image->width * image->bytesPerPixel;
      status = 1;
    }
  }
 
  return status;
}
 
wImage* winpr_image_new(void)
{
  wImage* image = (wImage*)calloc(1, sizeof(wImage));
 
  if (!image)
    return NULL;
 
  return image;
}
 
void winpr_image_free(wImage* image, BOOL bFreeBuffer)
{
  if (!image)
    return;
 
  if (bFreeBuffer)
    free(image->data);
 
  free(image);
}
 
static void* winpr_convert_to_jpeg(const void* data, size_t size, UINT32 width, UINT32 height,
                                   UINT32 stride, UINT32 bpp, UINT32* pSize)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(data || (size == 0));
  WINPR_ASSERT(pSize);
 
  *pSize = 0;
 
#if !defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_JPEG)
  return NULL;
#else
  BYTE* outbuffer = NULL;
  unsigned long outsize = 0;
  struct jpeg_compress_struct cinfo = { 0 };
 
  const size_t expect1 = 1ull * stride * height;
  const size_t bytes = (bpp + 7) / 8;
  const size_t expect2 = 1ull * width * height * bytes;
  if (expect1 != expect2)
    return NULL;
  if (expect1 > size)
    return NULL;
 
  /* Set up the error handler. */
  struct jpeg_error_mgr jerr = { 0 };
  cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr);
 
  jpeg_create_compress(&cinfo);
  jpeg_mem_dest(&cinfo, &outbuffer, &outsize);
 
  cinfo.image_width = width;
  cinfo.image_height = height;
  WINPR_ASSERT(bpp <= INT32_MAX / 8);
  cinfo.input_components = (int)(bpp + 7) / 8;
  cinfo.in_color_space = (bpp > 24) ? JCS_EXT_BGRA : JCS_EXT_BGR;
  cinfo.data_precision = 8;
 
  jpeg_set_defaults(&cinfo);
  jpeg_set_quality(&cinfo, 100, TRUE);
  /* Use 4:4:4 subsampling (default is 4:2:0) */
  cinfo.comp_info[0].h_samp_factor = cinfo.comp_info[0].v_samp_factor = 1;
 
  jpeg_start_compress(&cinfo, TRUE);
 
  const JSAMPLE* cdata = data;
  for (size_t x = 0; x < height; x++)
  {
    WINPR_ASSERT(x * stride <= UINT32_MAX);
    const JDIMENSION offset = (JDIMENSION)x * stride;
 
    /* libjpeg is not const correct, we must cast here to avoid issues
     * with newer C compilers type check errors */
    JSAMPLE* coffset = WINPR_CAST_CONST_PTR_AWAY(&cdata[offset], JSAMPLE*);
    if (jpeg_write_scanlines(&cinfo, &coffset, 1) != 1)
      goto fail;
  }
 
fail:
  jpeg_finish_compress(&cinfo);
  jpeg_destroy_compress(&cinfo);
 
  WINPR_ASSERT(outsize <= UINT32_MAX);
  *pSize = (UINT32)outsize;
  return outbuffer;
#endif
}
 
// NOLINTBEGIN(readability-non-const-parameter)
SSIZE_T winpr_convert_from_jpeg(const BYTE* comp_data, size_t comp_data_bytes, UINT32* width,
                                UINT32* height, UINT32* bpp, BYTE** ppdecomp_data)
// NOLINTEND(readability-non-const-parameter)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(comp_data || (comp_data_bytes == 0));
  WINPR_ASSERT(width);
  WINPR_ASSERT(height);
  WINPR_ASSERT(bpp);
  WINPR_ASSERT(ppdecomp_data);
 
#if !defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_JPEG)
  return -1;
#else
  struct jpeg_decompress_struct cinfo = { 0 };
  struct jpeg_error_mgr jerr;
  SSIZE_T size = -1;
  BYTE* decomp_data = NULL;
 
  cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr);
  jpeg_create_decompress(&cinfo);
  jpeg_mem_src(&cinfo, comp_data, comp_data_bytes);
 
  if (jpeg_read_header(&cinfo, 1) != JPEG_HEADER_OK)
    goto fail;
 
  cinfo.out_color_space = cinfo.num_components > 3 ? JCS_EXT_RGBA : JCS_EXT_BGR;
 
  *width = cinfo.image_width;
  *height = cinfo.image_height;
  *bpp = cinfo.num_components * 8;
 
  if (!jpeg_start_decompress(&cinfo))
    goto fail;
 
  size_t stride = 1ULL * cinfo.image_width * cinfo.num_components;
 
  decomp_data = calloc(stride, cinfo.image_height);
  if (decomp_data)
  {
    while (cinfo.output_scanline < cinfo.image_height)
    {
      JSAMPROW row = &decomp_data[cinfo.output_scanline * stride];
      if (jpeg_read_scanlines(&cinfo, &row, 1) != 1)
        goto fail;
    }
    const size_t ssize = stride * cinfo.image_height;
    WINPR_ASSERT(ssize < SSIZE_MAX);
    size = (SSIZE_T)ssize;
  }
  jpeg_finish_decompress(&cinfo);
 
fail:
  jpeg_destroy_decompress(&cinfo);
  *ppdecomp_data = decomp_data;
  return size;
#endif
}
 
static void* winpr_convert_to_webp(const void* data, size_t size, UINT32 width, UINT32 height,
                                   UINT32 stride, UINT32 bpp, UINT32* pSize)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(data || (size == 0));
  WINPR_ASSERT(pSize);
 
  *pSize = 0;
 
#if !defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_WEBP)
  return NULL;
#else
  size_t dstSize = 0;
  uint8_t* pDstData = NULL;
  WINPR_ASSERT(width <= INT32_MAX);
  WINPR_ASSERT(height <= INT32_MAX);
  WINPR_ASSERT(stride <= INT32_MAX);
  switch (bpp)
  {
    case 32:
      dstSize = WebPEncodeLosslessBGRA(data, (int)width, (int)height, (int)stride, &pDstData);
      break;
    case 24:
      dstSize = WebPEncodeLosslessBGR(data, (int)width, (int)height, (int)stride, &pDstData);
      break;
    default:
      return NULL;
  }
 
  void* rc = malloc(dstSize);
  if (rc)
  {
    memcpy(rc, pDstData, dstSize);
 
    WINPR_ASSERT(dstSize <= UINT32_MAX);
    *pSize = (UINT32)dstSize;
  }
  WebPFree(pDstData);
  return rc;
#endif
}
 
SSIZE_T winpr_convert_from_webp(const BYTE* comp_data, size_t comp_data_bytes, UINT32* width,
                                UINT32* height, UINT32* bpp, BYTE** ppdecomp_data)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(comp_data || (comp_data_bytes == 0));
  WINPR_ASSERT(width);
  WINPR_ASSERT(height);
  WINPR_ASSERT(bpp);
  WINPR_ASSERT(ppdecomp_data);
 
  *width = 0;
  *height = 0;
  *bpp = 0;
  *ppdecomp_data = NULL;
#if !defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_WEBP)
  return -1;
#else
 
  int w = 0;
  int h = 0;
  uint8_t* dst = WebPDecodeBGRA(comp_data, comp_data_bytes, &w, &h);
  if (!dst || (w < 0) || (h < 0))
  {
    free(dst);
    return -1;
  }
 
  *width = w;
  *height = h;
  *bpp = 32;
  *ppdecomp_data = dst;
  return 4ll * w * h;
#endif
}
 
#if defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_PNG)
struct png_mem_encode
{
  char* buffer;
  size_t size;
};
 
static void png_write_data(png_structp png_ptr, png_bytep data, png_size_t length)
{
  /* with libpng15 next line causes pointer deference error; use libpng12 */
  struct png_mem_encode* p =
      (struct png_mem_encode*)png_get_io_ptr(png_ptr); /* was png_ptr->io_ptr */
  size_t nsize = p->size + length;
 
  /* allocate or grow buffer */
  if (p->buffer)
  {
    char* tmp = realloc(p->buffer, nsize);
    if (tmp)
      p->buffer = tmp;
  }
  else
    p->buffer = malloc(nsize);
 
  if (!p->buffer)
    png_error(png_ptr, "Write Error");
 
  /* copy new bytes to end of buffer */
  memcpy(p->buffer + p->size, data, length);
  p->size += length;
}
 
/* This is optional but included to show how png_set_write_fn() is called */
static void png_flush(png_structp png_ptr)
{
}
 
static SSIZE_T save_png_to_buffer(UINT32 bpp, UINT32 width, UINT32 height, const uint8_t* data,
                                  size_t size, void** pDstData)
{
  SSIZE_T rc = -1;
  png_structp png_ptr = NULL;
  png_infop info_ptr = NULL;
  png_byte** row_pointers = NULL;
  struct png_mem_encode state = { 0 };
 
  *pDstData = NULL;
 
  if (!data || (size == 0))
    return 0;
 
  WINPR_ASSERT(pDstData);
 
  const size_t bytes_per_pixel = (bpp + 7) / 8;
  const size_t bytes_per_row = width * bytes_per_pixel;
  if (size < bytes_per_row * height)
    goto fail;
 
  /* Initialize the write struct. */
  png_ptr = png_create_write_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL);
  if (png_ptr == NULL)
    goto fail;
 
  /* Initialize the info struct. */
  info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr);
  if (info_ptr == NULL)
    goto fail;
 
  /* Set up error handling. */
  if (setjmp(png_jmpbuf(png_ptr)))
    goto fail;
 
  /* Set image attributes. */
  int colorType = PNG_COLOR_TYPE_PALETTE;
  if (bpp > 8)
    colorType = PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB;
  if (bpp > 16)
    colorType = PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB;
  if (bpp > 24)
    colorType = PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGBA;
 
  png_set_IHDR(png_ptr, info_ptr, width, height, 8, colorType, PNG_INTERLACE_NONE,
               PNG_COMPRESSION_TYPE_DEFAULT, PNG_FILTER_TYPE_DEFAULT);
 
  /* Initialize rows of PNG. */
  row_pointers = (png_byte**)png_malloc(png_ptr, height * sizeof(png_byte*));
  for (size_t y = 0; y < height; ++y)
  {
    uint8_t* row = png_malloc(png_ptr, sizeof(uint8_t) * bytes_per_row);
    row_pointers[y] = (png_byte*)row;
    for (size_t x = 0; x < width; ++x)
    {
 
      *row++ = *data++;
      if (bpp > 8)
        *row++ = *data++;
      if (bpp > 16)
        *row++ = *data++;
      if (bpp > 24)
        *row++ = *data++;
    }
  }
 
  /* Actually write the image data. */
  png_set_write_fn(png_ptr, &state, png_write_data, png_flush);
  png_set_rows(png_ptr, info_ptr, row_pointers);
  png_write_png(png_ptr, info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_BGR, NULL);
 
  /* Cleanup. */
  for (size_t y = 0; y < height; y++)
    png_free(png_ptr, row_pointers[y]);
  png_free(png_ptr, (void*)row_pointers);
 
  /* Finish writing. */
  if (state.size > SSIZE_MAX)
    goto fail;
  rc = (SSIZE_T)state.size;
  *pDstData = state.buffer;
fail:
  png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr);
  if (rc < 0)
    free(state.buffer);
  return rc;
}
 
typedef struct
{
  png_bytep buffer;
  png_uint_32 bufsize;
  png_uint_32 current_pos;
} MEMORY_READER_STATE;
 
static void read_data_memory(png_structp png_ptr, png_bytep data, size_t length)
{
  MEMORY_READER_STATE* f = png_get_io_ptr(png_ptr);
  if (length > (f->bufsize - f->current_pos))
    png_error(png_ptr, "read error in read_data_memory (loadpng)");
  else
  {
    memcpy(data, f->buffer + f->current_pos, length);
    f->current_pos += length;
  }
}
 
static void* winpr_read_png_from_buffer(const void* data, size_t SrcSize, size_t* pSize,
                                        UINT32* pWidth, UINT32* pHeight, UINT32* pBpp)
{
  void* rc = NULL;
  png_uint_32 width = 0;
  png_uint_32 height = 0;
  int bit_depth = 0;
  int color_type = 0;
  int interlace_type = 0;
  int transforms = PNG_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY;
  MEMORY_READER_STATE memory_reader_state = { 0 };
  png_bytepp row_pointers = NULL;
  png_infop info_ptr = NULL;
  if (SrcSize > UINT32_MAX)
    return NULL;
 
  png_structp png_ptr = png_create_read_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL);
  if (!png_ptr)
    goto fail;
  info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr);
  if (!info_ptr)
    goto fail;
 
  memory_reader_state.buffer = WINPR_CAST_CONST_PTR_AWAY(data, png_bytep);
  memory_reader_state.bufsize = (UINT32)SrcSize;
  memory_reader_state.current_pos = 0;
 
  png_set_read_fn(png_ptr, &memory_reader_state, read_data_memory);
 
  transforms |= PNG_TRANSFORM_BGR;
  png_read_png(png_ptr, info_ptr, transforms, NULL);
 
  if (png_get_IHDR(png_ptr, info_ptr, &width, &height, &bit_depth, &color_type, &interlace_type,
                   NULL, NULL) != 1)
    goto fail;
 
  WINPR_ASSERT(bit_depth >= 0);
  const png_byte channelcount = png_get_channels(png_ptr, info_ptr);
  const size_t bpp = channelcount * (size_t)bit_depth;
 
  row_pointers = png_get_rows(png_ptr, info_ptr);
  if (row_pointers)
  {
    const size_t stride = 1ULL * width * bpp / 8ull;
    const size_t png_stride = png_get_rowbytes(png_ptr, info_ptr);
    const size_t size = 1ULL * width * height * bpp / 8ull;
    const size_t copybytes = stride > png_stride ? png_stride : stride;
 
    rc = malloc(size);
    if (rc)
    {
      char* cur = rc;
      for (png_uint_32 i = 0; i < height; i++)
      {
        memcpy(cur, row_pointers[i], copybytes);
        cur += stride;
      }
      *pSize = size;
      *pWidth = width;
      *pHeight = height;
      WINPR_ASSERT(bpp <= UINT32_MAX);
      *pBpp = (UINT32)bpp;
    }
  }
fail:
 
  png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr, NULL);
  return rc;
}
#endif
 
static void* winpr_convert_to_png(const void* data, size_t size, UINT32 width, UINT32 height,
                                  UINT32 stride, UINT32 bpp, UINT32* pSize)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(data || (size == 0));
  WINPR_ASSERT(pSize);
 
  *pSize = 0;
 
#if defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_PNG)
  void* dst = NULL;
  SSIZE_T rc = save_png_to_buffer(bpp, width, height, data, size, &dst);
  if (rc <= 0)
    return NULL;
  *pSize = (UINT32)rc;
  return dst;
#elif defined(WITH_LODEPNG)
  {
    BYTE* dst = NULL;
    size_t dstsize = 0;
    unsigned rc = 1;
 
    switch (bpp)
    {
      case 32:
        rc = lodepng_encode32(&dst, &dstsize, data, width, height);
        break;
      case 24:
        rc = lodepng_encode24(&dst, &dstsize, data, width, height);
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
    if (rc)
      return NULL;
    *pSize = (UINT32)dstsize;
    return dst;
  }
#else
  return NULL;
#endif
}
 
SSIZE_T winpr_convert_from_png(const BYTE* comp_data, size_t comp_data_bytes, UINT32* width,
                               UINT32* height, UINT32* bpp, BYTE** ppdecomp_data)
{
#if defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_PNG)
  size_t len = 0;
  *ppdecomp_data =
      winpr_read_png_from_buffer(comp_data, comp_data_bytes, &len, width, height, bpp);
  if (!*ppdecomp_data)
    return -1;
  return (SSIZE_T)len;
#elif defined(WITH_LODEPNG)
  *bpp = 32;
  return lodepng_decode32((unsigned char**)ppdecomp_data, width, height, comp_data,
                          comp_data_bytes);
#else
  return -1;
#endif
}
 
BOOL winpr_image_format_is_supported(UINT32 format)
{
  switch (format)
  {
    case WINPR_IMAGE_BITMAP:
#if defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_PNG) || defined(WITH_LODEPNG)
    case WINPR_IMAGE_PNG:
#endif
#if defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_JPEG)
    case WINPR_IMAGE_JPEG:
#endif
#if defined(WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_WEBP)
    case WINPR_IMAGE_WEBP:
#endif
      return TRUE;
    default:
      return FALSE;
  }
}
 
static BYTE* convert(const wImage* image, size_t* pstride, UINT32 flags)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(image);
  WINPR_ASSERT(pstride);
 
  *pstride = 0;
  if (image->bitsPerPixel < 24)
    return NULL;
 
  const size_t stride = image->width * 4ull;
  BYTE* data = calloc(stride, image->height);
  if (data)
  {
    for (size_t y = 0; y < image->height; y++)
    {
      const BYTE* srcLine = &image->data[image->scanline * y];
      BYTE* dstLine = &data[stride * y];
      if (image->bitsPerPixel == 32)
        memcpy(dstLine, srcLine, stride);
      else
      {
        for (size_t x = 0; x < image->width; x++)
        {
          const BYTE* src = &srcLine[image->bytesPerPixel * x];
          BYTE* dst = &dstLine[4ull * x];
          BYTE b = *src++;
          BYTE g = *src++;
          BYTE r = *src++;
 
          *dst++ = b;
          *dst++ = g;
          *dst++ = r;
          *dst++ = 0xff;
        }
      }
    }
    *pstride = stride;
  }
  return data;
}
 
static BOOL compare_byte_relaxed(BYTE a, BYTE b, UINT32 flags)
{
  if (a != b)
  {
    if ((flags & WINPR_IMAGE_CMP_FUZZY) != 0)
    {
      const int diff = abs((int)a) - abs((int)b);
      /* filter out quantization errors */
      if (diff > 6)
        return FALSE;
    }
    else
    {
      return FALSE;
    }
  }
  return TRUE;
}
 
static BOOL compare_pixel(const BYTE* pa, const BYTE* pb, UINT32 flags)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(pa);
  WINPR_ASSERT(pb);
 
  if (!compare_byte_relaxed(*pa++, *pb++, flags))
    return FALSE;
  if (!compare_byte_relaxed(*pa++, *pb++, flags))
    return FALSE;
  if (!compare_byte_relaxed(*pa++, *pb++, flags))
    return FALSE;
  if ((flags & WINPR_IMAGE_CMP_IGNORE_ALPHA) == 0)
  {
    if (!compare_byte_relaxed(*pa++, *pb++, flags))
      return FALSE;
  }
  return TRUE;
}
 
BOOL winpr_image_equal(const wImage* imageA, const wImage* imageB, UINT32 flags)
{
  if (imageA == imageB)
    return TRUE;
  if (!imageA || !imageB)
    return FALSE;
 
  if (imageA->height != imageB->height)
    return FALSE;
  if (imageA->width != imageB->width)
    return FALSE;
 
  if ((flags & WINPR_IMAGE_CMP_IGNORE_DEPTH) == 0)
  {
    if (imageA->bitsPerPixel != imageB->bitsPerPixel)
      return FALSE;
    if (imageA->bytesPerPixel != imageB->bytesPerPixel)
      return FALSE;
  }
 
  BOOL rc = FALSE;
  size_t astride = 0;
  size_t bstride = 0;
  BYTE* dataA = convert(imageA, &astride, flags);
  BYTE* dataB = convert(imageA, &bstride, flags);
  if (dataA && dataB && (astride == bstride))
  {
    rc = TRUE;
    for (size_t y = 0; y < imageA->height; y++)
    {
      const BYTE* lineA = &dataA[astride * y];
      const BYTE* lineB = &dataB[bstride * y];
 
      for (size_t x = 0; x < imageA->width; x++)
      {
        const BYTE* pa = &lineA[x * 4ull];
        const BYTE* pb = &lineB[x * 4ull];
 
        if (!compare_pixel(pa, pb, flags))
          rc = FALSE;
      }
    }
  }
  free(dataA);
  free(dataB);
  return rc;
}
 
const char* winpr_image_format_mime(UINT32 format)
{
  switch (format)
  {
    case WINPR_IMAGE_BITMAP:
      return "image/bmp";
    case WINPR_IMAGE_PNG:
      return "image/png";
    case WINPR_IMAGE_WEBP:
      return "image/webp";
    case WINPR_IMAGE_JPEG:
      return "image/jpeg";
    default:
      return NULL;
  }
}
 
const char* winpr_image_format_extension(UINT32 format)
{
  switch (format)
  {
    case WINPR_IMAGE_BITMAP:
      return "bmp";
    case WINPR_IMAGE_PNG:
      return "png";
    case WINPR_IMAGE_WEBP:
      return "webp";
    case WINPR_IMAGE_JPEG:
      return "jpg";
    default:
      return NULL;
  }
}
 
void* winpr_image_write_buffer(wImage* image, UINT32 format, size_t* psize)
{
  WINPR_ASSERT(image);
  switch (format)
  {
    case WINPR_IMAGE_BITMAP:
    {
      UINT32 outsize = 0;
      size_t size = 1ull * image->height * image->scanline;
      void* data = winpr_bitmap_write_buffer(image->data, size, image->width, image->height,
                                             image->scanline, image->bitsPerPixel, &outsize);
      *psize = outsize;
      return data;
    }
    case WINPR_IMAGE_WEBP:
    {
      UINT32 outsize = 0;
      size_t size = 1ull * image->height * image->scanline;
      void* data = winpr_convert_to_webp(image->data, size, image->width, image->height,
                                         image->scanline, image->bitsPerPixel, &outsize);
      *psize = outsize;
      return data;
    }
    case WINPR_IMAGE_JPEG:
    {
      UINT32 outsize = 0;
      size_t size = 1ull * image->height * image->scanline;
      void* data = winpr_convert_to_jpeg(image->data, size, image->width, image->height,
                                         image->scanline, image->bitsPerPixel, &outsize);
      *psize = outsize;
      return data;
    }
    case WINPR_IMAGE_PNG:
    {
      UINT32 outsize = 0;
      size_t size = 1ull * image->height * image->scanline;
      void* data = winpr_convert_to_png(image->data, size, image->width, image->height,
                                        image->scanline, image->bitsPerPixel, &outsize);
      *psize = outsize;
      return data;
    }
    default:
      *psize = 0;
      return NULL;
  }
}